The Adventures of Robin
Hood (1938) is one of the greatest adventure films ever made with
the perfect casting of Errol Flynn as Robin Hood and Olivia de Havilland
as Maid Marian.
King Richard is captured
in Austria, held for ransom and his evil brother Prince John (Claude Rains)
begins his reign of terror. A lone Saxon knight, Sir Robin of Locksley/Robin
Hood, (Errol Flynn), and his band of followers oppose the Norman takeover
and raid Norman caravans as they pass through Sherwood Forest giving the
money to the poor. Maid Marian, (Olivia de Havilland), is one of the members
of these caravans and becomes Robin's unwilling guest. She softens with
time and falls in love with him.
Evil Prince John and
Sir Guy, (Basil Rathbone), plan to trap Robin at an archery contest, which
Robin wins and receives a golden arrow from Maid Marian. Robin is captured
and Marian arranges his escape, but she is discovered and sentenced to
death when John crowns himself in a few days.
King Richard returns
to England and joins forces with Robin Hood and his followers. They interrupt
the coronation dressed as monks and Robin duels Sir Guy to the death. King
Richard banishes Prince John, grants amnesty to Robin and all his men,
restores Sir Robin's title and property and gives him Maid Marian's hand
in marriage.
Major Credits
Producers - Hal Wallis,
Henry Blanke
Directors - Michael
Curtiz, William Keighley
Academy Awards
Nominated for Best
Picture of 1938
Won Best Art Direction/Set
Direction of 1938 - Carl J. Weyl
Won Best Film Editing
of 1938 - Ralph Dawson
Won Best Score of 1938
- Erich Wolfgang Korngold
Gone with the Wind (1939)
Gone with the Wind
is arguably the greatest motion picture ever made. Based on Margaret Mitchell's
Pulitzer Prize winning novel of 1936, it tells the tale of Georgian Scarlett
O'Hara (Vivien Leigh) from immediately preceding the Civil War through
Reconstruction.
Gable, in his most
famous role and one he had to be convinced to play, portrays Charlestonian
Rhett Butler, a handsome, devilish adventurer and ladies' man.
Scarlett resides with
her parents, Gerald and Ellen (Thomas Mitchell and Barbara O'Neil), two
sisters, Suellen and Careen (Evelyn Keyes and Ann Rutherford) and numerous
servants, most notably Mammy, Pork, Prissy and Big Sam (Hattie McDaniel,
Oscar Polk, Butterfly McQueen and Everett Brown) in Georgia on the beautiful
plantation Tara.
Scarlett is entertaining
the Tarleton twins Brent and Stuart (Fred Crane and George Reeves) on Tara's
veranda, flirting and trying to get information from them about Ashley
Wilkes (Leslie Howard), the man she loves obsessively.
She sees her father
riding wildly and runs to meet him. She complains about life at Tara and
her Irish father tells her "land is the only thing worth living for,
worth dying for -- it's the only thing that lasts".
Scarlett dresses for
the barbeque at Twelve Oaks, Ashley's father's plantation, and decides
to wear a dress Mammy finds inappropriate, "you can't show your bosom
before three o'clock". Scarlett wears the dress anyway.
Much takes place at
the Twelve Oaks barbeque. Scarlett is surrounded by beaus with the notable
exception of Ashley. She confronts Ashley in the library and discovers
he's engaged to marry his cousin Melanie Hamilton (Olivia De Havilland).
She slaps his face and he exits the room. Still in a rage she flings a
vase at the mantel and Rhett sits up on the sofa where he had been concealed
from Scarlett and Ashley and had overheard their entire conversation. Rhett
immediately knows Scarlett for what she is and when she tells him he's
no gentleman he responds, "And you, Miss, are no lady".
The men have a heated
debate about the prospect of war with the North and Rhett is the only one
who thinks the South will lose, provoking Melanie's brother Charles Hamilton
(Rand Brooks) to challenge him to a duel, which Rhett declines, not out
of cowardice, but knowing he's a great shot and would certainly kill Charles.
A rider arrives at
Twelve Oaks and announces the Civil War has begun. All the men, except
Ashley and Rhett, are jubilant. Scarlett, meanwhile, has been flirting
with Ashley's sister India's fiance, Charles Hamilton. Charles proposes
marriage and Scarlett accepts after seeing Ashley kiss Melanie. Ashley
and Melanie and Charles and Scarlett are married before the men go off
to war.
Scarlett is soon a
widow as Charles dies of pneumonia. To bring her out of her depression,
Ellen suggests a trip to Aunt Pittypat's in Atlanta. Scarlett is more than
happy to go and Mammy is the only one who realizes she only wants to go
to Atlanta because Melanie is there and she'll get to see Ashley when he's
home on leave.
In Atlanta Scarlett
meets Rhett again at a ball and scandalizes the crowd when she dances with
him while still in mourning.
Ashley comes home on
leave and Scarlett begs him to tell her that he loves her. Being a weak-willed
man, he complies with her request. He then returns to the war, which the
South is losing badly, leaving Scarlett and a pregnant Melanie behind.
As Sherman advances
on Atlanta, Melanie goes into labor. Scarlett goes to get Dr. Meade (Harry
Davenport) at the railroad yard, which serves as a makeshift hospital to
thousands of wounded Confederate soldiers, and is told he can't leave to
deliver a baby. Scarlett goes back to Aunt Pitty's hoping Prissy, who bragged
about being a midwife, will be able to handle the birth. Scarlett slaps
Prissy when she finds out Prissy lied about her abilities, "I don't
know nothin' about birthin' babies". Scarlett manages to deliver Melanie's
son, Beau, with little assistance from Prissy.
Scarlett learns that
the Yankees have entered Atlanta and sends Prissy to the local bordello
run by madam Belle Watling (Ona Munson) to get Rhett. He arrives with a
nag and a wagon and takes Scarlett, Melanie and Prissy out of a burning
Atlanta toward Tara.
Rhett is touched by
the bedraggled Confederate soldiers and ashamed he hadn't joined them in
battle. He kisses Scarlett good bye against a fiery sky and leaves to join
the Confederate Army.
Scarlett manages to
get back to Tara, which has been ravaged by the war. She finds her mother
dead of typhoid fever, her father gone mad, her sisters ill with fever
and the only servants remaining are Mammy and Pork. There's no food and
no prospects of getting any. Scarlett, starving, runs to the field, eats
a root, vomits and standing with fist raised declares, "I'll lie,
cheat, steal or kill, but I'll never be hungry again! As God is my witness!"
Scarlett, determined
to revive Tara, puts everyone to work picking cotton, much to the dislike
of her family. One day a Yankee deserter appears and attempts to steal
Ellen's jewels. Scarlett shoots him and Melanie and she hide the body and
keep the shooting a secret.
The Civil War ends
and Ashley comes home. Scarlett wants them to run away to Mexico, but Ashley
won't leave Melanie and Beau.
Scarlett owes $300
in back taxes on Tara and has no way to pay the debt. Tara's former overseer
Jonas Wilkerson (Victor Jory), now a rich carpetbagger, offers to buy the
plantation and Scarlett throws dirt in his face. Jonas drives away screaming
threats and Gerald takes off wildly on horseback, is thrown and dies.
Scarlett, desperate
to save Tara, gets Mammy to make her an outfit from the living room drapes
and is off to Atlanta to convince Rhett, who's being held prisoner by Union
soldiers, to give her the tax money. Rhett believes her act until he sees
her hands, roughened from hard work. He refuses to give her the money.
Outside the jail Scarlett
spots Suellen's beau Frank Kennedy (Carroll Nye), a successful businessman.
She plays up to him and gets him to marry her and save Tara.
Ashley plans to take
Melanie and Beau to New York, but Scarlett complains to Melanie that Ashley
is being mean not wanting to stay and help her build a lumber business
in Atlanta. Melanie chastises Ashley and, of course, he gives up his plans
and stays.
Scarlett builds a thriving
lumber mill and becomes quite brazen, driving her buggy alone through Shantytown
where she's attacked and saved by Tara's former foreman, Big Sam.
Ashley, Frank and some
other men carry out a vigilante raid on Shantytown. Ashley is wounded and
Frank is killed. Rhett saves them from arrest by telling the Union officer
that they were with him at Belle Watling's.
Rhett proposes to Scarlett
while she's between husbands and they get married and go to New Orleans
on their honeymoon. Rhett spends a fortune to restore Tara to its original
grandeur and builds a lavish mansion in Atlanta. They have a daughter,
Bonnie Blue (Cammie King), but afraid of spoiling her figure, Scarlett
doesn't want more children and refuses to sleep with Rhett.
At the lumber mill
Scarlett comforts a depressed Ashley by holding him which is seen by onlookers
and reported back to Rhett, who believes it was a lover's embrace. Rhett
gets drunk and forces himself on Scarlett, then goes to London taking Bonnie
with him. Bonnie has nightmares and wants her mother, so Rhett brings her
back to Atlanta.
When they arrive, Rhett
remarks that Scarlett isn't looking well and she informs him she's pregnant.
They have a vicious argument and Scarlett falls down the stairs causing
a miscarriage. Scarlett calls for Rhett after the accident, but no one
hears her ask for him.
Adding to this tragedy,
Bonnie is killed in a horseback riding accident. Rhett takes her body to
the nursery and refuses to allow anyone in or for her to buried because
she was so frightened of the dark. Mammy asks Melanie to speak to him and
she convinces Rhett to permit the burial. After talking to Rhett, Melanie
collapses and asks to be taken to her own home to die.
Scarlett visits Melanie
on her deathbed and Melanie asks her to look after Ashley and little Beau.
After Melanie's death
Scarlett realizes, too late, that she's really loved Rhett all along. Rhett
is no longer in love with her and plans to leave for Charleston. Scarlett
asks him, "But if you go what'll I do"? As Rhett exits he says,
"Frankly, my dear, I don't give a damn!". A distraught Scarlett
comforts herself with thoughts of Tara, her source of strength, and says,
"Tara ... Home ... I'll go home ... There must be some way to get
him back. After all, tomorrow is another day".
Awards
Nominated for Best
Actor of 1939 - Clark Gable
Nominated for Best
Supporting Actress of 1939 - Olivia De Havilland
Nominated for Best
Score of 1939 - Max Steiner
Nominated for Best
Sound Recording of 1939 - Thomas T. Moulton
Nominated for Best
Special Effects of 1939 - John R. Cosgrove, Fred Albin, Arthur Johns
Winner Best Picture
of 1939
Winner Best Actress
of 1939 - Vivien Leigh
Winner Best Supporting
Actress of 1939 - Hattie McDaniel
Winner Best Director
of 1939 - Victor Fleming
Winner Best Screenplay
of 1939 - Sidney Howard
Winner Best Art Direction/Set
Direction of 1939 - Lyle Wheeler
Winner Best Color Cinematography
of 1939 - Ernest Haller, Ray Rennahan
Winner Best Film Editing
of 1939 - Hal C. Kern, James E. Newcom
Winner Honorary and
Other Awards of 1939 - William Cameron Menzies
Major credits
Producer - David O.
Selznick
Director - Victor Fleming,
George Cukor and others.
The Heiress (1949)
The Heiress
(1949), based on Henry James' novel, Washington Square, and the
Broadway play Augustus & Ruth Goetz is a masterpiece. Set around 1850,
it's the story of a rather plain girl, Catherine Sloper, (Olivia de Havilland),
and her father, Dr. Austin Sloper, (Ralph Richardson), a wealthy widowed
doctor.
Dr. Sloper never fails
to remind Catherine that she in no way resembles her beautiful, poised,
deceased mother. Catherine is shy and awkward.
Encouraged by her aunt,
Lavinia, (Miriam Hopkins), Catherine becomes unexpectedly acquainted with
Morris Townsend (Montgomery Clift), a handsome fortune hunter. Catherine
and Morris plan to elope, even though Dr. Sloper doesn't approve of the
marriage and told his daughter cruelly that Morris only wants her for her
money.
When Catherine reveals
to Morris that she'll only get $10,000/year without her father's approval
and $30,000/year if he does approve the marriage, Morris fails to appear
for the elopement.
Catherine, devastated,
finally stands up to her father, who passes away shortly thereafter leaving
his fortune to Catherine, who lives somewhat reclusively for the next seven
years until Aunt Lavinia reveals Morris is back in town.
Morris visits and proposes
another elopement which Catherine pretends to accept. When Morris arrives
he beats at the door which Catherine orders bolted. She slowly goes up the
stairs with a lighted lamp as he continues to plead with her through the
locked door.
Major Credits
Produced and directed
by William Wyler
Academy Awards
Nominated for Best
Picture of 1949
Nominated for Best
Supporting Actor of 1949 - Ralph Richardson Nominated for Best Director
of 1949 - William Wyler
Nominated for Best
B & W Cinematography of 1949 - Leo Tover
Won Best Actress of
1949 - Olivia de Havilland
Won Best Art Direction/Set
Direction of 1949 - John Meehan, Harry Horner, Emile Kuri
Won Best B & W
Costume Design of 1949 - Edith Head, Gile Steele
Won Best Score of 1949
- Aaron Copland
New York Film Critics
Circle Award
Won for Best Picture
of 1949
Hold Back the Dawn (1941)
Hold Back the Dawn
(1941) begins with immigrant George Iscovesco, (Charles Boyer), appearing
on a Paramount soundstage and telling his story to the film's director,
Mitchell Leisen. Shown in flashbacks, it tells George's story. He was a
gigolo desperate to leave Nazi-occupied Europe. He flees to Mexico and
meets shy teacher Emmy Brown, (Olivia de Havilland). He plans to marry
Emmy so he can enter the United States, then dump her for another woman.
George must pay for his past behavior which leads to the film's conclusion.
Major Credits
Producer - Arthur Hornblow,
Jr.
Director - Mitchell
Leisen
Academy Awards
Nominated for Best
Picture of 1941
Nominated for Best
Actress of 1941 - Olivia de Havilland
Nominated for Best
Art Direction of 1941 - Robert Usher, Hans Dreier
Nominated for Best
Cinematography of 1941 - Leo Tover
Nominated for Best
Original Screenplay of 1941 - Billy Wilder, Charles Brackett
Nominated for Best
Score of 1941 - Victor Young
New York Film Critics
Circle Award
Nominated for Best
Actress - Olivia de Havilland
Hush, Hush Sweet
Charlotte (1964)
Before the credits
ever role, we're told the story of why the former Southern belle Charlotte
is mentally unstable. She witnessed the dismemberment murder of her lover,
John Mayhew, (Bruce Dern), and the suicide of the supposed murderer, her
father, Big Sam, (Victor Buono).
Years later Charlotte
still lives in the run down mansion and is cared for by slovenly housekeeper,
Velma, (Agnes Moorehead). When her house is to be demolished to make way
for a highway project, she contacts her supposedly sweet cousin, Miriam
(Olivia de Havilland), who had been raised with Charlotte after her parent's
death.
Miriam and Doctor Drew,
(Joseph Cotten), appear to be helping Charlotte, but soon Charlotte is
having awful visions of her lover's death and seems to be totally insane,
but we soon discover the true villains and the truth about the death of
John Mayhew among other things.
Joan Crawford was supposed
to have played Miriam, but didn't due to illness. Bette Davis suggested
the role be played by Olivia and on the first day of shooting, they toasted
Joan with glasses of Coca-Cola. (Joan was the widow of Pepsi CEO Alfred
Steele.)
Major Credits
Producer and Director
- Robert Aldrich
Academy Awards
Nominated for Best
Supporting Actress of 1964 - Agnes Moorehead
Nominated for Best
Art Direction of 1964 - Raphael Bretton, William Glasgow
Nominated for Best
Cinematography of 1964 - Joseph Biroc
Nominated for Best
Costume Design of 1964 - Norma Koch
Nominated for Best
Editing of 1964 - Michael Luciano
Nominated for Best
Score of 1964 - Frank DeVol
Nominated for Best
Song of 1964 - Frank DeVol and Mac David
The Snake Pit (1948)
The Snake Pit
(1948) stars Olivia as Virginia Stuart Cunningham who's erratic behavior
necessitates her being confined to an overcrowded state mental institution
where she is treated by kindly Dr. Mark Kik, (Leo Genn). The matrons and
very disturbed inmates abuse the shy, soft spoken Virginia and she is constantly
threatened with being thrown in the snake pit where some of the worst patients
are permitted to wander around an open room. Her treatment and recovery
are the focus of the film which was considered groundbreaking at the time
of its release.
Major Credits
Producers - Anatole
Litvak, Robert Bassler
Director - Anatole
Litvak
Academy Awards
Nominated for Best
Picture of 1948
Nominated for Best
Actress of 1948 - Olivia de Havilland
Nominated for Best
Director of 1948 - Anatole Litvak
Nominated for Best
Original Screenplay of 1948 - Frank Partos, Millen Brand
Nominated for Best
Score of 1948 - Alfred Newman
Won for Best Sound
of 1948
New York Film Critics
Circle Award
Nominated for Best
Direction of 1948 - Anatole Litvak
Nominated for Best
Film of 1948
Venice Film Festival
Nominated for Competing
Film and International Prize of 1948 - Anatole Litvak
To Each His Own (1946)
To Each His Own
(1946) marked Olivia de Havilland's return to films after a 3 year
absence during her lawsuit with Warner Brothers and she won an Oscar for
her role as Josephine (Jodi) Norris, a young woman who falls in love with
a soldier, Capt. Bart Cosgrove, (John Lund), during World War I who impregnates
her, but dies before they can marry.
She intends to make
it appear as if she is raising a war orphan, but her plans go awry and
her son is adopted by a local couple, Alex and Corrine Pierson, (Phillip
Terry and Mary Anderson).
After her father's
death she goes to New York and eventually becomes a CEO of a cosmetics
company. She tries to buy back her son, but her plan doesn't work, the
child doesn't love her.
She throws herself
into her work, opening a branch in London, where she runs into her now
grown son, Gregory Pierson, (also John Lund), a military officer serving
during World War II. A British friend, Lord Desham, (Ronald Culver), assists
in reuniting mother and son.
Major Credits
Producer - Charles
Brackett
Director - Mitchell
Leisen
Academy Awards
Won for Best Actress
of 1946 - Olivia de Havilland
Nominated for Best
Original Screenplay of 1946 - Charles Brackett
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